Integrating Blockchain Technology into Mobility-as-a-Service Platforms for Smart Cities

Abstract

What are the main findings? Developed a blockchain-enabled Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) platform using Hyperledger Fabric to enhance security, transparency, and operational efficiency in urban mobility systems. Demonstrated through load testing that the proposed system maintains consistent performance under varying data volumes and concurrent user requests, confirming its scalability for real-world applications. What is the implication of the main finding? Integrating blockchain technology into urban transportation systems can improve stakeholder collaboration and trust, leading to more efficient and secure smart city mobility solutions. The implementation suggests potential for expanding blockchain-enabled MaaS platforms to include freight logistics, supporting a unified, sustainable urban transportation ecosystem. Is data deletion possible in Hyperledger Fabric? Yes, but with limitations. Hyperledger Fabric’s storage is divided into the immutable blockchain ledger and the world state, which holds asset states. While data cannot be deleted from the ledger, an asset can be removed from the world state, with the deletion recorded on the ledger. Highlights: As cities evolve into smarter and more connected environments, there is a growing need for innovative solutions to improve urban mobility. This study examines the potential of integrating blockchain technology into passenger transportation systems within smart cities, with a particular emphasis on a blockchain-enabled Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) solution. In contrast to traditional technologies, blockchain’s decentralized structure improves data security and guarantees transaction transparency, thus reducing the risk of fraud and errors. The proposed MaaS framework enables seamless collaboration between key transportation stakeholders, promoting more efficient utilization of services like buses, trains, bike-sharing, and ride-hailing. By improving integrated payment and ticketing systems, the solution aims to create a smoother user experience while advancing the urban goals of efficiency, environmental sustainability, and secure data handling. This research evaluates the feasibility of a Hyperledger Fabric-based solution, demonstrating its performance under various load conditions and proposing scalability adjustments based on pilot results. The conclusions indicate that blockchain-enabled MaaS systems have the potential to transform urban mobility. Further exploration into pilot projects and the expansion to freight transportation are needed for an integrated approach to city-wide transport solutions.