A hybrid machine learning model for electricity consumer categorization using smart meter data

Abstract

Time-series smart meter data can record precisely electricity consumption behaviors of every consumer in the smart grid system. A better understanding of consumption behaviors and an effective consumer categorization based on the similarity of these behaviors can be helpful for flexible demand management and effective energy control. In this paper, we propose a hybrid machine learning model including both unsupervised clustering and supervised classification for categorizing consumers based on the similarity of their typical electricity consumption behaviors. Unsupervised clustering algorithm is used to extract the typical electricity consumption behaviors and perform fuzzy consumer categorization, followed by a proposed novel algorithm to identify distinct consumer categories and their consumption characteristics. Supervised classification algorithm is used to classify new consumers and evaluate the validity of the identified categories. The proposed model is applied to a real dataset of U.S. non-residential consumers collected by smart meters over one year. The results indicate that large or special institutions usually have their distinct consumption characteristics while others such as some medium and small institutions or similar building types may have the same characteristics. Moreover, the comparison results with other methods show the improved performance of the proposed model in terms of category identification and classifying accuracy.