Buginese's Green Mussel Farming in Coastal Areas in Indonesia: Benefits, Problems and Challenges title

Abstract

This study explores the benefits, problems, and challenges of green mussel farming by Bugis communities in three major urban coastal areas in Indonesia: Jakarta, Semarang, and Makassar. The research highlights that green mussel cultivation offers significant economic benefits as an alternative livelihood for Bugis fishermen, especially during periods when traditional fishing yields are low. Green mussels also contribute to environmental monitoring, serving as bioindicators of water pollution. However, the study identifies several pressing problems, including severe environmental degradation due to coastal reclamation, industrial waste, and river pollution. These issues have resulted in declining water quality, heavy metal contamination in green mussels, and reduced yields, which threaten both public health and the economic stability of fishing communities. The challenges faced by Bugis green mussel farmers are compounded by the loss of traditional farming areas, increased operational costs, and the need to adapt to rapidly changing coastal environments. Many fishermen are forced to relocate or seek alternative livelihoods, risking the erosion of their cultural identity. The findings underscore the urgent need for integrated, sustainable coastal management policies that balance economic development with environmental preservation to ensure the long-term viability of Bugis green mussel farming and the well-being of coastal communities.