Review on recent trends and challenges in deep learning and artificial intelligence

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) will shape human civilization differently because AI is increasingly playing a key role in our lives. AI is an Art that facilitate computer, robot or machine to mimic human behaviour. Deep learning is a subfield of AI that focuses more on how machine work and mimics the human brain. Deep learning is one of the recent, trending and emerging fields of study and research. Deep learning is revolutionizing every field from robotics to medicine and has provided an easy solution to many state-of-the-art problems. The recent developments in deep learning are virtual assistants, self-driving cars, news aggregation, natural language processing, digital marketing, visual recognition and image recognition etc. Despite many developments in deep learning, there still exist some challenges. Many researchers are working on deep learning, but most of them focus on field-specific issues, while this paper presents a brief survey on deep-learning advancements from the last few decades. This work gives a clear and concise direction to new researchers and academicians. This article thoroughly discusses Deep Neural Network (DNN); it also covers different topics, i.e. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), including most of the other deep learning deep algorithms. This article also covers the open research issues and recent trends in deep learning.