Artificial Intelligence in Robot-assisted Surgery

Abstract

Robot-assisted surgery aims to assist surgeons in performing surgical procedures through robotic systems, and it has attracted increasing attention in recent years. The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has accelerated the progress of robot-assisted surgery towards minimally invasive, intelligent, and autonomous capabilities. This research provides a comprehensive review of the application of AI in robot-assisted surgery, summarizing three main aspects: medical image processing, surgical planning and navigation, and motion control and decision-making. Leveraging AI technology, the application of medical image processing enables physicians to obtain more precise, higher-definition, and visually intuitive imaging data. It allows for accurate segmentation and alignment of lesions and tissues, as well as automated recognition and analysis of pathological or abnormal areas within medical images. The application of AI in surgical planning and navigation allows surgeons to precisely plan surgical procedures and provide accurate navigation guidance. By integrating personalized patient data and the extensive experience of surgeons, AI assists in predicting surgical risks and provides real-time guidance for precise localization and skillful manipulation during the surgery. Moreover, the application of AI in surgical robot motion control and decision-making enables robots to execute tasks more efficiently and make intelligent decisions. AI algorithms can analyze complex information in the surgical environment in real-time, facilitating precise motion control for the robot. Finally, this research also analyzes the development opportunities and challenges of AI in robot-assisted surgery, offering guidance and insights for future research in the field.