Mindfulness-Based Asmaul Husna and changes in general adaptive function response among schizophrenia: A Quasi-experimental study

Abstract

Background: Poor functional capacity is one of the factors that increase the risk of recurrence of positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Mindfulness is a treatment potentially help patients become fully accepting of their conditions and conscious of it, allowing them to regulate unpleasant emotions and increase awareness of positive emotions. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate effect of mindfulness-based Asmaul Husna on the overall adaptive functioning of individuals with schizophrenia. Methods: This quasi-experiment times series study involved 36 participants selected with simple random sampling. The inclusion criteria of participants were adult Muslim with schizophrenia who had a PANSS-EC score <10, mild symptoms, risk of violent behavior. Participants with severe symptoms and complications from other diseases were excluded. Mindfulness-based Asmaul Husna consisted of Musyahadah-witnessing, tassawur-imagination, tafakkur-contemplation, tadabbur-reflection, and muhasabah-self-introspection was given to each participant over five days. A modified-Global Assessment Functioning (m-GAF) scale used to measure participants’ general adaptive functional responses before and after intervention including follow-up at the first and second month after the intervention. Results: There was a significant increase of the m-GAF score (p < 0.001) and a chi-square value of 177.2 after the implementation of mindfulness-based Asmaul Husna intervention. The highest mean score difference was observed at the first and second follow-ups, conducted one and two months after the interventions. The effect size calculated using Kendall’s Wa indicates a significant effect (0.821). Conclusion: The study suggests there is a positive effect of the mindfulness-based Asmaul Husna intervention on adaptive functioning of people with schizophrenia.