An energy-conserving predictive preemptive multipath routing protocol for adhoc networks: A lifetime improvement

Abstract

Mobile device are widely used today in MANETs, due to their rich functionality. However, route failure may occur due to less received power, mobility, congestion and device failures. Also, the battery life of these devices is very limited and deploying resource hungry applications such as streaming on these mobile devices, is a challenging task. It is extremely important to maximize the efficient use of the contained resources on these devices especially when they participate in a mobile ad hoc network. In this paper, we propose a cross-layer networking mechanism for the optimization. Our work focuses on Mac and routing layers of the OSI stack. We propose a cooperation of the routing layer with the MAC layer power-control technique to see how they can cooperate to decrease the energy consumption of adhoc networks. We propose an energy-conserving multipath routing protocol for adhoc networks lifetime improvement protocol called E-PPAOMDV (Energy aware Predictive Preemptive AOMDV). This protocol is based on new metric to preserves the residual energy of nodes and balances the consumed energy to increase the network lifetime. Also, we propose a mechanism based on Newton interpolation, to distinguish between both situations, failures due to congestion or mobility, and consequently avoiding unnecessary route repair process. The E-PPAOMDV was implemented using NS-2. The simulation results demonstrate the merits of our proposed EPPAOMDV. Our proposal improves the performance of mobile ad hoc networks by extending the lifetime of the network and decreasing the average consumed energy with approximately 1 to 3%, while the average end-to-end delay is reduced by 33%, normalized routing load by 20 to 27%; also, increasing the packet delivery ratio with approximately 2-10% and the throughput with 5% when compared with AOMR-LM.