Self-Pollinated (Geinotogami) of Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb. Type Udang

Abstract

Aims: The research aimed to study the ability of natural and artificial self-pollinated (Geitonogamy) of gambir. Study Design: Experimental method consisted of determining the sample plants. Sampling determination was conducted by non probability sampling, purposive sampling. Place and Duration of Study: This research was conducted in the UPT Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, Padang from September 2019 to December 2019 Methodology: an experimental method consisted of determining the sample plants, conducting natural and artificial geitonogamy self-pollinated systems, observing sample plants, collecting data based on the experiment, and sample-testing in the laboratory. Sample determination selected by non-probabilistic sampling with purposive sampling method. Observation included percentage of pollination, percentage of fertilization, number of fruit formed, pollen fertility and sterility Results: Data observations were analyzed with simple statistics. The results showed that (1) the percentage of pollination through the geitonogamy natural pollination system of udang gambier type was 89.30%, (2) the percentage of fertilization in the geitonogami's own natural pollination system was 10.68% and artificial was 27.5%, (3) the average percentage of pollen fertility was 56.56% and the pollen sterility was 43.44% tested with the bromothymol blue staining method. Conclusion: Artificial geitonogami self-pollination was potential to develop for gambir cultivation.