Development of the mathematical model of a hydrodynamic cavitations device

Abstract

The article provides information on the use of cavitation phenomena in the processing technology of fluid systems in various areas-ecology, energy, chemistry, biotechnology, food industry, etc. As a result of a comparative analysis of the effects on the liquid ultrasonic and hydrodynamic cavitation, the choice was made in favor of hydrodynamic. Attention is offered to develop a mathematical model of the described workflow, based on the material, energy and heat balance of the flow using the equations of fluid dynamics, to determine the lateral size of the hydrodynamic cavitation devices of a continuous operating principle with various cavitation exciter-nozzles and a hydrodynamic lattice. The workflow of the proposed cavitation device is fundamentally different from traditional cavitation devices, in which only the cavitation effect on the flow is realized. In the proposed cavitation device, the cavitation effect is enhanced by the shock effect of a pressure jump during the transition of a supersonic to subsonic flow. And it is the formation of cavitation phenomena with the help of a cavitator that allows transfering the flow to two-phase, in which the speed of sound is much less than in each of the phases (gas and liquid), and, thus, to achieve supersonic flow in a homogeneous two-phase medium camera (throat) goes into subsonic through a pressure jump. A detailed description of the working process of a hydrodynamic cavitation device with various cavitation exciteris given in the form of a nozzle and a hydrodynamic lattice. A sufficiently complete algorithm for developing a mathematical model for calculating the transverse dimensions of cavitation devices is given, and practical recommendations are proposed on the selection and calculation of the optimal parameters of the device.