Early detection of sequela-prone osteomyelitis in children with use of simple clinical and laboratory criteria

Abstract

To determine which clinical or laboratory criteria best reflected the prognosis for 83 children with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO), they were compared with outcomes after a follow-up of at least 2 months (for 78%, ≤6 months). Twenty-eight children (34%) developed sequelae. They had higher serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations (days 1-6 of treatment; P = .0004 to .0001) and higher clinical scores (P = .0001) than did patients who had an uneventful recovery. The frequency of sequelae increased from 3% to 73% (P = .0001) when CRP concentrations exceeded the defined cutoff limits and the clinical scores were ≤ 1. Age, the duration of symptoms at diagnosis, and the type and duration of intravenous antimicrobial therapy or surgical management did not differ (P > .05) between children with and without sequelae. Both CRP determinations and clinical evaluations with use of a scoring system enable early detection of sequela-prone AHO in children and are most accurate when used together.