Maternal Outcomes in Teenagers with Preeclampsia: A Comparative Analysis Study Introduction

Abstract

Adolescent pregnancy poses significant health challenges due to higher risks of complications, including preeclampsia, which contributes to increased maternal and neonatal morbidity rates. This study aims to compare pregnancy outcomes between adolescents and adults diagnosed with preeclampsia to identify specific risk factors and provide insights for improving healthcare practices. A cross-sectional study was conducted by analyzing medical records of singleton pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia at Muhammadiyah Palembang Hospital from 2019 to 2021. Data were analyzed using chi-square and Mann Whitney U tests with a significance threshold of p<0.05. The results indicate that adolescents have significantly higher rates of placental abruption (p=0.009), oliguria (p=0.006), eclampsia (p<0.001), and ICU admissions (p<0.001) compared to adults. Furthermore, adolescents exhibited lower education levels (p<0.001), while no significant differences were observed in gestational age, delivery method, or preeclampsia onset. These findings underscore the heightened maternal risks associated with adolescent pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia, highlighting the importance of improved antenatal care and reproductive health education to mitigate adverse outcomes.