Análise Temporal da Flora Nativa No Entorno de Unidades de Conservação - Apa Cachoeira das Andorinhas E Floe Uaimii, Ouro Preto, MG

Abstract

The increasing fragmentation of the landscapes has contributed for the loss of the biological diversity in many Brazilian regions. In most cases, this is due to the disordered manner in which man has been using and occupying lands. The creation of protected areas or conservation units (UC) has been one of the main mechanisms used for the protection of biodiversity (in situ), in addition to commit wider objectives as for example the protection of the hydro resources, of threatened species, genetic resources, degree of endemism, habitats, among others. However, it is necessary the existence of periodic evaluation tools of its conservation status aiming at suppling subsidies to management plans by identifying the potential threats to the ecological functionality of these protected areas. Based on thematic maps of soil cover classification, elaborated for the years 1989 to 2008, with the purpose of analyzing the changes in the study area in this very period, the present work quantified the dynamics of the native flora in the interior and surroundings of the Área de Proteção Ambiental Estadual Cachoeira das Andorinhas and Floresta Estadual do Uaimii, located in Ouro Preto (MG). The results show that throughout the 19 years of comparison, the area occupied by the native flora remained the same with indices of 82 to 83% inside the UCs and 74% in its surroundings. With the results of the fragmentation, it is possible to identify the most critical areas or the greatest anthropic pressure and to direct specific programs, in the management scope, to minimize them.