Jordanian speech-language pathologists’ knowledge of videofluoroscopic practice

Abstract

Background: Variability in Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study (VFSS) practices is particularly evident in low- and middle-income countries where limitations in healthcare infrastructure, resource shortages, and the absence of standardized protocols hinder the delivery of consistent care. Similarly, in Jordan, there are no national VFSS guidelines, and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) remain underutilized in multidisciplinary dysphagia management. This study aimed to examine the knowledge and clinical practices of Jordanian SLPs in conducting VFSS assessments. Methodology: A cross-sectional online survey was administered to Jordanian SLPs managing dysphagia cases. The survey, adapted from [9], included 36 questions covering demographics, current VFSS practices, technical considerations, and assessment protocols. Descriptive statistics were generated using SPSS, and qualitative responses were analyzed using content analysis. Results: A total of 116 SLPs completed the full survey, of which 47.4% were SLP assistants. The majority (74.1%) performed fewer than two VFSS procedures per week. Only 32.8% reported collaboration with radiologists. Awareness of VFSS equipment and imaging specifications (36.2%), together with knowledge of VFSS consistency modification standards (21.5%), was low. Thematic analysis revealed key areas for improvement, including enhanced university training and access to specialized continuing education. Conclusion: The findings revealed substantial variability in VFSS practices among Jordanian SLPs, driven by a shortage of trained professionals, limited clinical exposure, and insufficient multidisciplinary engagement amongst healthcare professionals. There is an urgent need in Jordan for standardized VFSS protocols, enhanced training, and stronger interdisciplinary collaboration to align local practices with international standards and improve patient outcomes.