Improving the dispersion behavior of organic components in water-based electrode dispersions for inkjet printing processes

Abstract

Water-based processing of electrodes is associated with an enhanced environmental footprint for lithium-ion battery (LIB) production in conjunction with reduced costs. This trend is accompanied by an increasing demand for electrode dispersion processing in inkjet printing. However, most of the dispersion components show a low inherent dispersibility with poor stability in aqueous formulations. This is particularly important when it comes to qualifying electrode dispersions for use in inkjet printing, since the effect of agglomeration and sedimentation effects must be effectively prevented. Therefore, additives are needed to improve the dispersive behavior. This paper analyzes the suitability of dispersants for organic electrode components, in particular graphite and carbon black. An empirical approach was devised on the basis of comprehensive theoretical considerations. Empirical investigations revealed that the utilization of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) favored the enhanced stabilization of graphite nanoparticles. The addition of Triton X-100 (TX-100) resulted in an improved stabilization of carbon black. Based on these empirical studies, a methodology was derived, which supports the application of suitable dispersants in printable dispersions.