Implementation of the LTO cycle in flight conditions using FNPT II MCC simulator

Abstract

The landing and take-off cycle (LTO) is an approval process of jet engines aimed at evaluation of the aircraft impact on the environment in the airports area. The measurements are carried out in the stationary conditions, with given engine operating parameters. The mentioned methodology results in discrepancies between approval test and real emissions. As part of the presented research, a typical landing and take-off cycle was implemented using the modern FNPT II flight simulator. The emission has been determined on the basis of emission factors which are calculated for specific engine and recorded times of each phases of LTO test during simulation research. Subsequently, the obtained values were compared with approval data. The analysed results allowed to indicate differences in the total emission between the standard LTO test and the actual take-off and landing cycle received during simulation research. The obtained results prove that the LTO methodology is a good tool to compare the emissivity of aircraft engines. However, it should not be used to estimate the impact of air transport on the natural environment within airports.