Evaluation of Cassava Peeling Machine using Dimensional Analysis Technique

Abstract

Cassava processing for various products requires an efficient peeling process. However, peeling - the first step in its processing - has been considered laborious and time-consuming; hence, the need for full mechanization. Several mechanical peeling approaches have been exploited by researchers toward achieving ideal peeling. In this study, an innovative abrasive cassava peeling machine, combining chemical and mechanical peeling methods, was used for the experiment using TMS 30572 and TME 419 cassava cultivars. The physical and technological characteristics of the motion of the roots within the peeling compartment were subjected to analysis. Model equations based on dimensional analysis were adopted to predict the functionalities between cassava and the peeler variables. The following cassava roots properties were established: distal diameter (TME 419: 15.20-26.50 mm; TME 30572: 10.20-35.10 mm), peel thickness (TME 419: 1.60-4 mm; TME 30572: 1.80-4 mm) and moisture content (TME 419: 59.20-61.18%; TME 30572: 58.40-60.40%). The machine's peeling efficiency (μ), mechanical damage (λ), peel retention (P) and throughput capacity (η) were 62.02-86.45%, 1.26-2.90%, 8.26-11.63%, 900-1,210.5 kg/h, respectively, for both cultivars. A linear relationship was found between the machine speed, velocity of conveyance and peeling time. The study revealed that the machine resulted in the careful removal of the cassava peels achieving good peeling efficiency at a speed of 1,600 rpm < Nt < 2,600 rpm depending on the variety. It is recommended for peeling operations in cassava processing factories.