The lived experiences of masking black Autistic girls in UK education: “before people see the autism, they see my race.”

Abstract

This paper explores the lived experiences of masking and camouflaging among Black Autistic girls in UK education, addressing a significant gap in autism research and educational psychology practice. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four participants aged 16–17, centring voices rarely represented in literature or policy. A novel framework, Kaleidoscope Analysis, was developed to interpret the data. Combining Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), Intersectionality Theory, and Disability Critical Race Theory (DisCrit), this approach offers layered insight into how individual experiences are shaped by wider structural inequalities. Five key themes were identified: acceptance and belonging; navigating social expectations; the intersection of race, gender, and autism; sensory overload; and the importance of relational support. The findings highlight how masking emerges as a strategy for navigating environments shaped by neurotypical, racialised, and gendered expectations rooted in societal norms of Whiteness and ability. This study recommends educational psychologists (EPs) and related professionals adopt intersectional, neuro-affirming approaches in their practice, highlighting the importance of pupil voice, critical reflection, and anti-oppressive practice in creating inclusive learning environments. Future research is required to explore a wider range of intersecting identities and include Autistic individuals who use diverse forms of communication.