Tectonics and architectonics of the network of historical centers of architectural and urban planning culture in the ethnic regions of Ukraine

Abstract

In the article, from the standpoint of taking into account the natural and urbanized environment, the features of the formation and structure of a network of small historical settlements – carriers of the architectural and urban planning culture of Ukraine are considered. In particular, a comparative analysis of the location of 262 settlements in 12 ethnic regions of Ukraine with a network of underground discontinuous dislocations was carried out. The analysis showed that in 12 ethnic regions of Ukraine (Bukovyna, Volyn, Halychyna, Donbass, Transcarpathia, Crimea, Podillia, Polissia, Naddnipryanshchyna, Severshchyna, Slobozhanshchyna, Tavria) the network of tectonic faults has a different configuration and density. At the same time, only a small number of places with historical buildings coincide with fault lines. The analysis showed that the choice of places for the formation of historical settlements was not random; there were tendencies in their attraction to the shores of rivers and seas, as well as in the desire to avoid underground tectonic faults and the corresponding geopathic zones. The localization of the vast majority of architectural and urban planning culture centres’ in special healthy places confirmed the need to take into account tectonics in ethnic regions and non-traditional knowledge and methods of dowsing in the analysis of historical settlements. In addition, it was found that most of these settlements are located on inter-main areas, remote from dense urbanization zones. This testifies to the initial desire of ethnic culture, on the one hand, for isolation from the processes of urbanization, and on the other hand, for its own preservation and creation of its own network of regional culture centres’ that opposes the mass culture of modern civilization. As a result, proposals were substantiated on the need to take into account the original architectonic and tectonic structure of a network of small provincial cities and towns, villages, temples and monasteries with signs of a historical architectural and urban environment during the post-war restoration and further sustainable development of settlements and territories of Ukraine.