Remediation of metals and organic contaminants in soil

Abstract

Various remediation approaches have been demonstrated for the management of metal and organic contaminants. Remediation approaches may be broadly categorized as “Isolation,” “Immobilization” “Degradation/toxicity reduction.” The feasibility (effectiveness, cost) of any given approach depends on the nature of contamination and site-specific conditions and constraints. The chosen remediation technology must render the site suitable for the future proposed land use. Increasingly, consideration of sustainability has led to emphasis on risk-based approaches which seek to reduce risks to human health and ecosystems to ensure contaminated land is made suitable for a proposed future land use.