The survival and proliferation of osteosarcoma cells are dependent on the mitochondrial BIG3-PHB2 complex formation

Abstract

Previous studies reported the critical role of the brefeldin A–inhibited guanine nucleotide exchange protein 3–prohibitin 2 (BIG3-PHB2) complex in modulating estrogen signaling activation in breast cancer cells, yet its pathophysiological roles in osteosarcoma (OS) cells remain elusive. Here, we report a novel function of BIG3-PHB2 in OS malignancy. BIG3-PHB2 complexes were localized mainly in mitochondria in OS cells, unlike in estrogen-dependent breast cancer cells. Depletion of endogenous BIG3 expression by small interfering RNA (siRNA) treatment led to significant inhibition of OS cell growth. Disruption of BIG3-PHB2 complex formation by treatment with specific peptide inhibitor also resulted in significant dose-dependent suppression of OS cell growth, migration, and invasion resulting from G2/M-phase arrest and in PARP cleavage, ultimately leading to PARP-1/apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) pathway activation–dependent apoptosis in OS cells. Subsequent proteomic and bioinformatic pathway analyses revealed that disruption of the BIG3-PHB2 complex might lead to downregulation of inner mitochondrial membrane protein complex activity. Our findings indicate that the mitochondrial BIG3-PHB2 complex might regulate PARP-1/AIF pathway–dependent apoptosis during OS cell proliferation and progression and that disruption of this complex may be a promising therapeutic strategy for OS.