Evaluation of Metabolic Syndrome and Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism in Male Factor Infertility

Abstract

Male factor infertility (MFI) is a growing health issue in society. The vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) is expressed in many tissues and modulates expression of several other genes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between MetSyn, VDR gene (FokI, rs-2228570; C > T) polymorphisms and MFI in Indian adults. Fifty cases and fifty-four controls, fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria, were included with their informed consent. Fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride, HDL-C were estimated by clinical chemistry analyzer (Beckmam Coulter DXC 800, USA). Serum insulin was measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and VDR gene polymorphism by RFLP-PCR. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20.0. MetSyn was more frequent in MFI cases than controls. There was significant difference between waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides in MFI cases and controls. There was significant difference in HOMA-IR between MFI cases and controls (p value < 0.05) and serum insulin was significantly raised in MFI cases (p value < 0.05). VDR gene polymorphism was found to be associated with MFI cases as compared to controls and the serum level of vitamin D was also decreased in MFI cases than in controls (p value < 0.05). This study provides evidence that insulin resistance is more in MFI cases than in controls and occurrence of MetSyn and its components is higher in MFI cases than in controls. Our findings provide evidence that VDR gene (FokI, rs-2228570; C > T) polymorphism increases the risk of male factor infertility.