Seroprevalence and clinical manifestations of Chikungunya infection in Makassar city, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Chikungunya is a vector-borne disease with a high morbidity rate, spread in dengue hemorrhagic fever endemic areas because the vector carryingthevirusistransmittedbythesamemosquitoes, namely Aedes Aegypti and Aedes Albopictus. The number of mosquito breeding sites is often associated with an increased incidence of chikungunya disease. The proximity of mosquito breeding sites to human habitation is a significant risk factor for chikungunya. DatarelatedtochikungunyaisstilllackinginMakassar. This study aims to understand the prevalence of CHIKV infection through serodiagnosis by measuring CHIKV IgG antibodies and looking at the history of clinicalsymptoms associated with CHIKV infection in Makassar to reduce widespread transmission. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study design in 5 DHF-endemic areas in Makassar City. Blood samples and questionnaires were collected from 102 respondents from August to September 2023. ELISA technique was used to examine anti-CHIKV IgG. Data were analyzed using a Student t-test. Variables with a probability value (P-value) of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The processed data was presented as frequency distribution tables and bar charts to see the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Results: 29.4 % of respondents were identified to be exposed to CHKV (IgG positive). The main clinical symptoms were fever and arthralgia. Conclusion: The findings of this study provide evidence of CHIKV exposure in Makassar city.