Far-UV HST  Spectroscopy of an Unusual Hydrogen-poor Superluminous Supernova: SN2017egm

Abstract

SN2017egm is the closest ( z  = 0.03) H-poor superluminous supernova (SLSN-I) detected to date, and a rare example of an SLSN-I in a massive, metal-rich galaxy. We present the HST UV and optical spectra covering 1000–5500 Å, taken at +3 day relative to the peak. Our data reveal two absorption systems at redshifts matching the host galaxy NGC 3191 ( z  = 0.0307) and its companion galaxy ( z  = 0.0299) 73″ apart. Weakly damped Ly α absorption lines are detected at these two redshifts, with H i column densities of (3.0 ± 0.8) × 10 19 and (3.7 ± 0.9) × 10 19 cm −2 , respectively. This is an order of magnitude smaller than the H i column densities in the disks of nearby galaxies (>10 10 M ⊙ ) and suggests that SN2017egm is on the near side of NGC 3191 and has a low host extinction ( E ( B  −  V ) ∼ 0.007). Using unsaturated metal absorption lines, we find that the host of SN2017egm probably has a solar or higher metallicity and is unlikely to be a dwarf companion to NGC 3191. Comparison of early-time UV spectra of SN2017egm, Gaia16apd, iPTF13ajg, and PTF12dam finds that the continuum at λ  > 2800 Å is well fit by a blackbody, whereas the continuum at λ  < 2800 Å is considerably below the model. The degree of UV suppression varies from source to source, with the 1400–2800 Å continuum flux ratio of 1.5 for Gaia16apd and 0.4 for iPTF13ajg. This cannot be explained by the differences in magnetar power or blackbody temperature. Finally, the UV spectra reveal a common set of seven broad absorption features and their equivalent widths are similar (within a factor of 2) among the four events.