Ultrasound-based Techniques as Alternative Treatments for Chronic Wounds: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Applications

Abstract

Ultrasound (US) waves have shown promising therapeutic outcomes for different wounds. High penetration into the wound bed, highly steering and focusable and not approved harmful effects are the main advantages of US treatment for wounds. In addition to antimicrobial effects, triggering wound-healing physiological mechanisms are among the mechanisms of action of US in wound healing. Despite of rigorous evidence on the therapeutic efficiency of US in different and particularly chronic wounds, no definite dose-response existed on the clinical trials applications of this technique. However, there is a consensus on the spatial average temporal average dosage in the range of 0.5 W/ cm2 to 3 W/cm2 with significant therapeutic outcomes and minimum adverse effects. Further in vitro and clinical trials are needed to shed light on the exact mechanisms of action and dose-response of US techniques for different wounds.