Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis (SE) Infection in Chickens and Its Public-Health-Risk Control Using an SE Vaccine in Layer Flocks

Abstract

Food poisoning caused by Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (SE) became a major public health problem in the middle of the 1980s, and several years were required to identify that the main causative food material was chicken eggs (Altekruse S. et al. 1993, a),b)CDC 1990, Cogan TA et al., Cowden JM et al. 1989, Henzeler DJ et al. 1994, Humphrey TJ 1994, Kusunoki J et al. 1996, Lin FY et al. 1988, Shivaprad HL et al. 1990, St Louis ME et al. 1988). Since CDC had firstly-reported the main causative origin of SE food born disease being shell eggs (CDC. 1987), shell eggs as a causative food have attended (Hogue A. et al. 1997, Humphrey TJ et al. 1991, Rodrigue DC et al. 1990,). World status of SE outbreaks at around 1999 is well-reviewed in the book of “Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in human and animals”. (Saeed AM. Ed. 1999. Iowa State University Press). SE-contaminated chicken eggs are indistinguishable from non-contaminated eggs in appearance. As the sensory elimination of SE-contaminated chicken eggs was shown to be impossible, greater importance has been attached to the control of SE contamination in the egg production step (a),b)CDC 1990, Okamura M et al. 2001, Rodrigue DC et al. 1990, and Stevens A et al. 1989, Thomas RD 1989). The development of live and inactivated SE vaccines has been investigated because SE contamination of chicken eggs remained even after various hygienic countermeasures were taken on layer farms, and SE vaccine administration was started in the 1990s in Western countries. However, SE vaccines have only recently been recognized as an important tool to reduce SE-contaminated chicken egg production on layer farms.