Management of Intermittent exotropia in childhood: current concepts of the literature and the experts

Abstract

Intermittent exotropia X(T) occurs in approximately 1% of the population aged <11 years(1). Although extensively investigated, controversies surround its propaedeutics, treatment, and specialists(2). The disease course has also not been clearly defined. Some studies have demonstrated the absence of change over time(3), whereas others have shown deviation improvements(3,4) or even decompensation(4). Opinions varied regarding treatment, both in clinical management with the use of occlusion(5) or over minus lens prescription(6) and in surgical treatment concerning the best time to perform surgery(7,8) and the type of the surgical technique(9,10). This paper summarizes the best practices for evaluating and treating X(T) based on expert opinion and a literature review.