Influence of relief on the texture and soil fertility spatial distribution in an Indian Black Earth in Novo Aripuanã, AM

Abstract

The Archaeological Black Earths are present throughout the Amazon region, they are fertile soils, which have a texture ranging from sandy to clayey. One of the formation factors that influence the spatial variability of the fertility and texture of these soils is the relief, through the processes of removal and addition of particles and nutrients. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of relief on the spatial distribution of texture and soil fertility in an area of Archaeological Black Earth (IBE) in Novo Aripuanã, AM. In the field, soil samples were collected in a forest area, in the relief positions, upper, middle and lower thirds. In the laboratory, chemical and textural analyzes of the samples were carried out, then uni and multivariate statistical analyzes were carried out, as well as geostatistical analyze. We found that the relief influenced the spatial variability of the attributes Ca2+, Mg2+, organic carbon, silt and clay and that the leaching process caused by the topography did not influence the organic carbon contents and phosphorus available in the soil. These results enable the establishment of management zones making the soil more suitable and sustainable for agriculture and forest development.