Artificial intelligence in strengthening health services: a critical analysis of the literature

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is redefining healthcare services, offering innovative solutions that improve diagnostic accuracy, optimize resources, and personalize healthcare. This article analyzes the impact of AI on the healthcare sector through a semi-systematic review of the literature published between 2020 and 2024. Key trends are highlighted, such as the use of predictive algorithms in early diagnosis, the implementation of digital platforms for patient management, and the development of personalized therapies based on big data. Ethical challenges associated with the use of AI are also examined, such as data privacy, algorithm transparency, and equity in access to these technologies. The discussion addresses how interdisciplinary collaborations and professional training are essential to ensure effective and responsible adoption of AI in healthcare. Finally, the need to design inclusive and sustainable strategies that promote the use of AI as a complementary tool to human care is raised, contributing to a more efficient, equitable healthcare system focused on people’s well-being. This analysis seeks to lay the groundwork for future research and applications in the field.