Propolisin Antikanser Aktivitesine Genel Bir Bakış

Abstract

Dünyada kansere bağlı ölüm oranındaki artış, bilim insanlarını kanserle mücadelede etkili yeni antikanser ajanlarını aramaya yönlendirmiştir. Bilimsel raporlar, propolisin kanser hücrelerinin baskılanmasında önemli rol oynadığını göstermektedir. Daha spesifik olarak; propolis alifatik ve aromatik asitler, fenolik esterler, yağ asitleri, alkoller, terpenler, steroidler, alkaloitler, krisin, pinocembrin, apigenin, galangin, kaempferol, kersetin, sinnamik asit, o-kumarik asit, kafeik asit ve kafeik asit feniletil ester gibi yüksek antikanser kapasitesine sahip faydalı metabolitler içermektedir. Bu tür bileşiklerin varlığı kanser araştırmalarını birçok yönden önemli ölçüde etkilemiş ve araştırmacıların hastalıkla mücadelesinde yeni stratejiler geliştirmesine de yardımcı olmuştur. Bu derleme ile antikanser ajan arayışında propolisin önemi vurgulanmıştır.Propolis is known as the most famous bee products and it is collected by bees from shrubs, tree buds, as well as green plants. Honeybees not only use propolis to strengthen but also to protect their hives against pathogens. For example, honeybees make it easier for the dead bee to rot by wrapping a dead bee in the hive with propolis. The hive health is also protected by preventing the formation of bacteria and mold after this decay in the hive. This detoxifying property of propolis contributes to colony welfare. Propolis is also well-researched due to their biological and pharmacological activities by numerous researhers. It has essential oils, resins, pollen, waxes, amino acids, polyphenols, various minerals, flavonoids and vitamins especially, vitamin E, vitamin B complex, and vitamin A, etc. Recently, the increase in cancer-related deaths has led scientists to search for new anticancer agents that are effective in fighting cancer, and accordingly, scientific researches that show that propolis acts an important role in suppressing cancer cells have drawn attention to this bee product. More specifically, propolis contains useful metabolites with high anticancer capacity such as aliphatic or aromatic acids, phenolic esters, fatty acids, alcohols, terpenes, steroids, alkaloids, chrysine, pinocembrin, apigenin, galangin, kaempferol, quercetin, o-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, cinnamic acid and caffeic acid phenylethyl ester. The presence of these compounds has significantly influenced cancer research in many ways and it has also helped researchers develop new strategies to combat cancer disease. With this review, the importance of propolis in the search for anticancer agents was emphasized.