Caught between intending and doing: Older people ideating on a self-chosen death

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this paper is to provide insight into what it means to live with the intention to end life at a self-chosen moment from an insider perspective. Setting: Participants who lived independent or semidependent throughout the Netherlands. Participants: 25 Dutch older citizens (mean age of 82 years) participated. They were ideating on a selfchosen death because they considered their lives to be no longer worth living. Inclusion criteria were that they: (1) considered their lives to be 'completed'; (2) suffered from the prospect of living on; (3) currently wished to die; (4) were 70 years of age or older; (5) were not terminally ill; (6) considered themselves to be mentally competent; (7) considered their death wish reasonable. Design: In this qualitative study, in-depth interviews were carried out in the participants' everyday home environment (median lasting 1.56 h). Verbatim transcripts were analysed based on the principles of phenomenological thematic analysis. Results: The liminality or â€in-betweenness' of intending and actually performing self-directed death (or not) is characterised as a constant feeling of being torn explicated by the following pairs of themes: (1) detachment and attachment; (2) rational and nonrational considerations; (3) taking control and lingering uncertainty; (4) resisting interference and longing for support; (5) legitimacy and illegitimacy. Conclusions: Our findings show that the in-between period emerges as a considerable, existential challenge with both rational and non-rational concerns and thoughts, rather than a calculative, coherent sum of rational considerations. Our study highlights the need to take due consideration of all ambiguities and ambivalences present after a putatively rational decision has been made in order to develop careful policy and support for this particular group of older people.