Negative pressure device used in pediatric patients with hostile abdomen. Case series

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Hostile abdomen is a surgical condition characterized by loss of space between organs and structures in the abdomen. Negative pressure therapy use has been widely described in adults; the case is not the same for pediatric patients. The goal of this study is to present short-term results of negative pressure therapy use in pediatric patients with hostile abdomen due to different etiologies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Pediatric hostile abdomen patients (< 18 years) who were treated Negative pressure therapy using ABTHERA were identified and retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: 7 patients were included in this study. Median age was 16 (range: 9-17 yo). 5 (71.4%) were male and 2 (28.6%) females. 3 (43%) had significant past medical/surgical history (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, complicated appendectomy and ventriculoperitoneal-shunt). The device was set at a continuous pressure ranging from -50 to -125 mmHg. Pre and post-surgical findings were reported using Bjork's classification. Devices were replaced every 4-7 days (median 5 days). Total amount of replacements was 1-4 (median 3). 5 (71.4%) patients required invasive mechanical ventilation during use of Negative pressure therapy based on clinical status. 4 (57%) patients received enteral nutrition. 1 (14%) patient required re-intervention posterior to definitive closure due to retroperitoneal abscess development. Outcome, evaluated by (oral tolerance, bowel movement and absence of pain), was favorable in all patients. CONCLUSION: Negative pressure therapy devices generate favorable results in hostile abdomen in pediatric population but further information is needed to assess pressure settings and device replacement frequency.