Dual-Loop Controller for LLC Resonant Converters Using an Average Equivalent Model

Abstract

LLC resonant converters have gained popularity in a wide number of industrial applications due to their high efficiency and power density. Common applications of these converters are battery chargers, electric vehicles, and high-efficiency power supplies, which require tight output voltage regulations. However, traditional averaging techniques employed in pulse width modulation converters cannot be employed for LLCs. As a consequence, designing linear controllers for these types of converters requires complex analysis or applying empirical methods. This paper proposes a simple and straightforward methodology for designing linear controllers for LLC resonant converters. A dual-loop control scheme including an inner current loop and an outer voltage loop is introduced. A simplified second-order equivalent circuit is employed to derive all the relevant equations for designing the compensators. Simulations and experimental results using a 150-W platform are employed to validate the theoretical analysis.