Stress and Energy Mobilization Responses of Climbing Perch Anabas testudineus During Terrestrial Locomotion

Abstract

The climbing perch, Anabas testudineus, is one of the most widely distributed freshwater amphibious fishes in South and Southeast Asia, exhibiting terrestrial movements. Our experimental study aimed to investigate endocrinological and biochemical changes in the blood of climbing perch associated with their terrestrial movements. To achieve this, the fish were divided into two groups: one group was exposed to aquatic conditions for twenty minutes, while the other group was subjected to terrestrial conditions for the same duration through rapid water level decrease. In terrestrial conditions, the fish predominantly exhibit movements on land, whereas in aquatic environments, they primarily remain immobile or swim. Elevated levels of stress-induced cortisol and glucose after short-term exposure indicate a high-stress response involving both neuroendocrine and metabolic mechanisms. Changes in the activity of aspartate aminotransferase and increased concentrations of triglycerides in the blood serum suggest energy mobilization through aerobic metabolic pathways. Extreme environmental changes did not affect thyroid axis function, including deiodination, thereby maintaining essential physiological activities under new conditions. Additionally, the anaerobic metabolic pathway appears to be minimally utilized at the onset of terrestrial movement, as no significant changes in lactate dehydrogenase concentrations were observed. Overall, the terrestrial movements of the climbing perch are likely predominantly forced and associated with high stress.