Factors Influencing the Prevention of HIV Risk Behavior in Adolescents in Bukittinggi, Indonesia

Abstract

The increasing number of HIV in adolescents is caused by risky behavior carried out by adolescents. In this study, HIV risk behavior in adolescents was seen from two factors: free sex behavior and drug consumption. Heterosexual behavior contributed 19.6% and injecting drug consumption by 0.9% as the cause of HIV in Indonesia. This study determined factors associated with the prevention of HIV risk behavior in Bukittinggi, West Sumatra, Indonesia. 362 students in grades X and IX from 5 public high schools in Bukittinggi participated in this study. From September 2020 to February 2021, a cross-sectional study with this research design was conducted. The information was gathered using a questionnaire that followed the Indonesian Health Demographic Survey Instrument's instructions (IDHS). Then, the data were analyzed by bivariate analysis using Chi-Squere test and multivariate analysis using logistic regression. This study found that HIV risk behavior in the risky category was 17.96%, the low level of knowledge was found to be 48.90%, the low attitude was 32.87%, bad peers was 24.03%, and poor parental communication was found to be 64.09%. According to the results of the bivariate analysis, knowledge and peers were connected with a p-value of 0.000 and an OR of 3.68, which meant that peers who were unreliable had 3.68-times greater likelihood of engaging in risky behavior. According to the results of the multivariate study, knowledge, peer influence, and parental communication all had an R2 value of 0.11%, which indicated that they could anticipate 11% of HIV risk behaviors. The lack of knowledge and poor peers provided the opportunities for HIV risk behavior in adolescents in Bukittinggi.