Cardiovascular Comorbidities in COVID-19: Comprehensive Analysis of Key Topics

Abstract

Background: The interrelation between COVID-19 and various cardiovascular and metabolic disorders has been a critical areaof study. There is a growing need to understand how comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and metabolic disordersaffect the risk and severity of COVID-19. Objective: The objective of this study is to systematically analyze the association between COVID-19 and cardiovascular andmetabolic disorders. The focus is on comorbidity, examining the roles of CVDs such as embolism, thrombosis, hypertension,and heart failure, as well as metabolic disorders such as disorders of glucose and iron metabolism. Methods: Our study involved a systematic search in PubMed for literature published from 2000 to 2022. We established 2databases: one for COVID-19-related articles and another for CVD-related articles, ensuring all were peer-reviewed. In termsof data analysis, statistical methods were applied to compare the frequency and relevance of MeSH (Medical Subject Headings)terms between the 2 databases. This involved analyzing the differences and ratios in the usage of these terms and employingstatistical tests to determine their significance in relation to key CVDs within the COVID-19 research context. Results: The study revealed that "Cardiovascular Diseases" and "Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases" were highly relevant aslevel 1 Medical Subject Headings descriptors in COVID-19 comorbidity research. Detailed analysis at level 2 and level 3 showed"Vascular Disease" and "Heart Disease" as prominent descriptors under CVDs. Significantly, "Glucose Metabolism Disorders"were frequently associated with COVID-19 comorbidities such as embolism, thrombosis, and heart failure. Furthermore, irondeficiency (ID) was notably different in its occurrence between COVID-19 and CVD articles, underlining its significance in thecontext of COVID-19 comorbidities. Statistical analysis underscored these differences, highlighting the importance of bothglucose and iron metabolism disorders in COVID-19 research. Conclusions: This work lays the foundation for future research that utilizes a knowledge-based approach to elucidate the intricaterelationships between these conditions, aiming to develop more effective health care strategies and interventions in the face ofongoing pandemic challenges