Radiographer knowledge and practice of paediatric radiation dose protocols in digital radiography in Gauteng

Abstract

Introduction: Digital radiography (DR) poses the risk of unnoticed increases in patient dose, potentially resulting in the overexposure of paediatric patients. In some jurisdictions, there is a shortfall in the knowledge and application of safe paediatric radiation dose protocols. In such instances, radiographers can lack an understanding of the relationship between exposure index (EI) and the visual appearances of image noise, thereby resulting in under- or overexposure to the paediatric patient. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive research study was conducted at six purposively selected diagnostic radiology departments in Gauteng, South Africa. The study was based on a 29-item questionnaire seeking to quantify the radiographers' knowledge of paediatric radiation dose protocols and whether their knowledge translated into safe radiation dose practice. Results: A 94% (61/65) response rate was achieved. Results show a low number of respondents (35, 57%) expressed a positive opinion of their knowledge of paediatric radiation dose protocols and EI; however, 41 (67%) participants were unaware of the function of EI. Conclusion: The study revealed that, in Gauteng, there is an increased demand for further training in paediatric radiation dose protocols and a need for radiographers to improve awareness of exposure factors. Implications for practice: Improving radiographers' lack of knowledge of paediatric radiation dose protocols in Gauteng is important. It is essential that radiographers receive continuous training and education highlighting the importance of justification and optimisation of radiological examinations.