Comparison of the Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy with Cognitive Hypnosis on Reducing Depression in Students with Premenstrual Syndrome

Abstract

Introduction Most women experience some physical and psychological changes from a few days to two weeks before the onset of a menstrual syndrome, which is called premenstrual syndrome. This syndrome involves a series of symptoms including depression, panic, change in sleep pattern, memory disorders, irritability and early suffering, anxiety, weight gain, appetite changes, etc. 1 These symptoms can be seen in women of any age and race. According to global statistics, nearly 85% of women experience at least one of the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome, which causes a clear decline in performance and a decline in the quality of life in the individual, family and society. 2 This syndrome is a set of physical and psychosomatic symptoms that occurs during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and improves with the onset of menstruation or the first few days. 3 In addition, it is one of the most common painful phenomena in women's reproductive years. 4 The physical signs and symptoms of the syndrome are sufficiently intense to interfere with some aspects of life. 5 Symptoms should be observed at least 10 days immediately prior to menstruation, and no interval between menstruation and ovulation should begin at least one week. 6 More than 90% of women of reproductive age report mild premenstrual symptoms and at least one of these symptoms is repeated each month. Of these, 2 to 10 percent of the severity of their symptoms is to an extent that affects family status, social activity, and job opportunities. 7 The proper recognition of this disorder and awareness of its various biological, psychological and social dimensions is the first step in overcoming the disadvantaged disadvantages of it. Most women tend to be more sensitive to their needs during premenstrual periods. In these situations, they can spend more time in expressing emotions and feelings, calming themselves and giving their priority to themselves and their needs. 8 Women with premenstrual syndrome spend days each month with defects in their individual, marital, and work-life environments. Research has shown that these monthly symptoms lead to significant damage to employers and health insurance companies annually. 9 The issue of non-medical treatment is not clear. In a study in Spain, the attitudes of 2018 women aged 15-49years to the problem of premenstrual problems and the way in which medical centers were treated by them was examined. Among these, 73.7% reported some of the mild symptoms of premenstrual syndrome, 8.9% had severe symptoms, and only 1.1% of them were seeking medical treatment. Research showed that 90.6% of women referred to medical centers were told that these symptoms are normal, They did not receive Abstract Introduction: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is defined as a set of physical and psychological symptoms that occur during the Luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Among this complaint, depression is more common and aversive. Therefore, this study was designed to reduce depression with comparison of the effectiveness of group cognitive behavioral therapy and group cognitive hypnotism female students with premenstrual syndrome .