Anticancer effect of methanolic extract of Annona Squamosa on mammary carcinoma in rats with reference to glycoprotein components, lysosomal, and marker enzymes

Abstract

Objectives: The aim is to evaluate the anticancer potential of Annona squamosa (AS) against 7, 12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary carcinoma in rats. Methods: The tumor was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by gastric intubation of 25 mg DMBA in 1 ml olive oil. After 3 months of induction period, the methanolic extract of AS at different doses of 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 mg/kg body weight were administered orally a dose per day to mammary carcinoma-bearing rats for 45 days. The serum and tissue levels of glycoprotein components as well as the activities of marker enzymes and lysosomal enzymes were measured in DMBA-induced mammary carcinoma-bearing rats. Results: Administration of AS resulted in decrease in the levels of marker and lysosomal enzymes and also alterations in the body weight and tumor volume were also restored to near normalcy in a dose-dependent manner. The results of the present study indicate that AS has anticancer effect and it exhibits its potential effect at the dosage of 200 mg/kg body weight in mammary carcinoma-bearing rats. Conclusions: Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the methanol extract of AS possesses anticancer properties. Further study is needed to isolate the active principle of this extract responsible for anticancer activity to develop the future pharmaceuticals.