Preliminary Studies on the Content of Phytochemical Compounds On Skin of Salak Fruit (Salacca zalacca)

Abstract

Salak (Salaccazalacca) is a native plant of Indonesia. Some Indonesians use zalacca as a traditional medicine. This plant belongs to the Palmae family. The purpose of this study is to reveal the structure of the active components that are efficacious and increase the economic value and efficacy that exist in the skin of zalacca (Salaccazalacca).The extraction method chosen was the maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent. A total of 1 kg of fresh zalacca skin (Salaccazalacca) is dried using the sun-heating method and produces 625 g of dried zalacca skin. The extraction-maceration process uses 100 grams of implicial. Simplisia is soaked and stirred occasionally in 96% ethanol for 3 days and filtered until a thick extract is obtained. Thick extract obtained was 10.69 g. The percentage of yield obtained was 10.69%. Phytochemical screening carried out is alkaloids, steroids, triterpenoids, saponins, tannins, and flavonoids by using chemical reactions and using thin layer chromatography. The mobile phase used in thin layer chromatography is toluene: ethyl acetate (9.3: 0.7). Determination of the mobile phase is done based on a trial and error approach to obtain a clear line of movement. The stationary phase uses silica gel GF 254.Based on phytochemical analysis, the skin of salak fruit (Salaccazalacca) contains alkaloids, triterpenoids, saponins, tannins, and flavonoids. In addition, based on analysis using thin layer chromatography it produces Rf 0.1875 and is thought to contain terpene alcohol.