Age Differences in Multimodal Quantitative Sensory Testing and Associations With Brain Volume

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Somatosensory function is critical for successful aging. Prior studies have shown declines in somatosensory function with age; however, this may be affected by testing site, modality, and biobehavioral factors. While somatosensory function declines are associated with peripheral nervous system degradation, little is known regarding correlates with the central nervous system and brain structure in particular. The objectives of this study were to examine age-related declines in somatosensory function using innocuous and noxious stimuli, across 2 anatomical testing sites, with considerations for affect and cognitive function, and associations between somatosensory function and brain structure in older adults. Research Design and Methods: A cross-sectional analysis included 84 "younger"(n = 22, age range: 19-24 years) and "older"(n = 62, age range: 60-94 years) healthy adults who participated in the Neuromodulatory Examination of Pain and Mobility Across the Lifespan study. Participants were assessed on measures of somatosensory function (quantitative sensory testing), at 2 sites (metatarsal and thenar) using standardized procedures, and completed cognitive and psychological function measures and structural magnetic resonance imaging. Results: Significant age × test site interaction effects were observed for warmth detection (p =. 018, ηp2= 0.10) and heat pain thresholds (p =. 014, ηp2= 0.12). Main age effects were observed for mechanical, vibratory, cold, and warmth detection thresholds (ps