Genotype-environment interaction and stability analysis in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for protein and gluten contents

Abstract

Genotype-environment interaction and stability performance were investigated on protein and gluten contents in three environments. Genotypes showed important differences in quality values as reflected in the AMMI (additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) analysis biplot result. The protein content showed the similar trend of GE interaction as that of grain yield. The genotype G1 was tightly grouped with E3 as indicated by their origin on the biplot. All the genotypes except G1 were located in the point farthest from the center of the biplot (PC1), indicating high gluten content, but the length of its PC2 vector exhibits this variety’s instability, while G1 was in the center of the biplot exhibiting high stability but lower gluten level than the above mentioned cultivars. However, all the genotypes were tightly grouped with E2 with regard to gluten content and as such highly stable to this particular environment. Protein and gluten content were significantly affected by the wheat varieties under various locations. The highest protein content (pooled) was exhibited by SKW-489 (13.54%) and SW-1 (13.23%) whereas the lowest protein content was observed in SKW-848 (10.31%). Similarly, highest gluten content (pooled) was observed in SKW-517 (29.65%) and SW-355 (29.14%), while lowest percentage was exhibited by SKW-489 (22.22%). Key words: Protein content, gluten content, stability analysis, multiplicative interaction, wheat.