Productividad y rentabilidad del cultivo de frijol con fertirriego en Veracruz, México.

Abstract

The objective of this work was to determine the effect of fertigation on bean crops in the central and southern areas of the state of Veracruz, Mexico. During the 2000 and 2002 Winter-Spring growing cycles, three treatments were evaluated: 1) Gravity irrigation and solid manual fertilization (regional treatment), with a 40N-40P-0K dosage (RR- 40), 2) Drip irrigation and solid manual fertilization, with a 4N-40P-0K (RG -40); in both treatments the fertilizer was applie d at 15 days after the emergence of the crop, and 3) Drip irrigation and soluble fertilization, with a 60N- 60P-60K dosage, applied in a fractioned way during the crop cycle (RG -60). From 2002 to 2005 the best treatment was validated and an economic analysis was performed to determine its profitability in comparison with the regional treatment. In the evaluation stage, with the RG-60 treatment the water consumption was reduced in 85% and the highest average yie ld (2256 kg/ha) was obtained, which surpassed in 145% to that obtained with RG-40, and in 186% to RR-40 (regional treatment). In the validation stage with drip irrigation and soluble fractioned fertilization 60N-60P-60K, a 110% higher yie ld than the regional treatment was obtained and the best profit/cost relationship (1:1.80).