LOW LEVEL COUNTING TECHNIQUES.

Abstract

The term low level counting (LLC) is used whenever ″small″ activities of radionuclides are to be measured by direct observation of the radioactive decay. The unique assay of a specific radioactive transition requires the identification of the emitted radiation and its energy (and possibly its half-life). Reserving the term LLC for problems and applications where results of sufficient precision may not readily be obtained with conventional radiation detection systems in reasonable counting times. Studies based on measurement of natural and man-made radioactivities are reviewed.