Application of Air Pillows and Left-Right Lateral Tilt Position to Prevent Increased Risk of Pressure Injuries in Bedridden Patients in the ICU: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Abstract

Background and Aims: Pressure injuries incidence is one major issue in the critical care unit. The occurrence and progression of pressure injuries can be decreased with appropriate screening and prevention practices. The primary objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the combination of air pillows and the 30° lateral position in reducing the risk of pressure injuries in bedridden patients in the intensive care room. Methods: A Quasi-experimental pre and posttest with control group design was conducted. The duration of the observation was 4 days. Assessment of pressure injuries risk was conducted using the Braden albumin scale, and position changes were monitored using an observation sheet. Data was subjected to statistical tests using the Generalized Estimating Equations tests, and General Linear Model (GLM) repeated measure test. Results: The Generalized Estimating Equations test showed in the intervention group there was no escalation risk of pressure injuries score during the study. While in the control group the risk of pressure injuries was shown to increase after the fourth day. The results of GLM repeated measure analysis showed a significance value of > 0.05, indicates that there was no significant mean difference between the control group and the intervention group. Conclusion: Combining intervention, air pillows and 30° left-right lateral tilt position may be associated with lower risk of pressure injuries. Pressure injuries risk monitoring should be undertaken daily utilizing the Braden albumin scale instrument. Air room temperature should be maintained moist for patients skin.