Role of integrated constructed wetland for wastewater treatment

Abstract

Wastewater treatment has always been a problematic issue involving complex components. The constructed wetlands have evolved as a reliable wastewater treatment technology for various types of wastewater. Constructed wetlands are man-made wetlands built to remove various types of pollutants present in wastewater. A detailed investigation was made on the configuration and mechanism of constructed wetlands. Three types of constructed wetlands were created with locally available plants, cattail (Typha species) and reed (Phragmites species). Treatment efficiency was evaluated for the following parameters Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Nitrogen (TN) and Total Phosphorous (TP). Constructed wetlands reduced the parameters by 79.5% for domestic wastewater and by 53.5% for dairy wastewater. Integrated constructed wetland was found to be more efficient in treating domestic and dairy wastewater and it is also proved to be an "Eco-friendly" alternative for tertiary wastewater treatment. © 2014 Knowledpa Review, Malaysia.