[Mental health and suicide prevention during disasters].

Abstract

Based on the research results and experiences of experts who assisted in the Great East Japan Earthquake, this report summarizes the points to be considered for mental health and suicide prevention in disasters. Emphasis on the targets and methods of support will vary depending on the timing and stage of the disaster. Particular attention should be paid to evacuation due to the disaster and when evacuation instructions are lifted. There is a need to segment the target population and deliver the necessary support at the right time. It is noted that targets and themes that genuinely need support may not be expressed. It has been observed that children and mothers born after the disaster are affected and the risk of dementia among the elderly is also increased. It is necessary to consider the mental health not only of the victims but also of the local government officials and health and welfare workers who support them. It has been found that the suicide rate is high not only in evacuation areas but also in areas where evacuation instructions have been lifted. Comprehensive and long-term support is needed, from education and employment support to social roles and support, and it is necessary to build a cross-sectoral network from peacetime that goes beyond those involved in health care. The more critical the situation, the more we can use only the means we are familiar with. It is necessary to mitigate the damage through education, training and networking from peacetime. Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)