Preparation and Assessment of Novel Chitosan/Bioactive Glass Composite Foams for Exudate Management in Wound Dressing Applications

Abstract

Although biocomposite foams have been used as wound dressings, achieving accelerated healing with reduced complications requires precise control of exudate absorption and evaporation. This study evaluated the fluid handling capacity, water vapor transmission, and cytotoxicity of novel chitosan/ bioactive glass composite foams. Prepared following a simple process, these foams have up to 60% porosity and interconnected pore networks. Cytotoxicity assays confirmed their non-toxicity to L-929 fibroblast cells. The foams demonstrated a liquid absorption capacity of up to 160%, with improved performance at higher levels of bioactive glass. Fluid handling tests showed effective moisture absorption and transfer, making these dressings suitable for the treatment of wounds such as burns and pressure ulcers. The water vapor transmission test confirmed the ability of the foams to promote high exudate removal rates, suggesting that chitosan/bioactive glass composites are promising for wound dressing applications.