In vitro Characterization of the Essential Oil Extracted from Lavandula dentata and its Application in the Field of Biotherapy

Abstract

Background and Objective: Lavandula dentata essential oil holds promise as a valuable natural resource with diverse therapeutic potential. The main objective of this study was to investigate the bioactivities of Lavandula dentata essential oil, specifically its antimicrobial, analgesic, anti-diabetic and anticoagulant properties. Materials and Methods: The Algerian medicinal plant Lavandula dentata EO was collected from Tipaza City (Algeria). The hydro-distillation method was used to get yield of essential oil. The GC/MS analysis was done to identify the bioactive compound of Lavandula dentata EO. The antimicrobial activity of L. dentata essential oil (EO) was assessed using the disc diffusion method against eight different microorganisms. The antidiabetic and anticoagulant activity was also studied. Results: The hydrodistillation method yielded approximately 0.4% of essential oil. The GC/MS results showed that L. dentata EO contains a total of 18 elements and the main constituents were 1.8-cineole (41.48%) and β-pinene (33.43%). The EO exhibited a robust inhibitory effect on the growth of all tested microorganisms, with inhibitory diameters ranging from 16.6 to 38.5 mm. Lavandula dentata EO presented anti-diabetic activity by inhibiting the α-amylase enzyme, with an IC50 value of approximately 135.08±0.25 µg mL-1, demonstrating significant anti-diabetic activity and anti-coagulant activity. Conclusion: Lavandula dentata EO processes great antimicrobial, analgesic, anti-diabetic and anticoagulant properties. Further investigations into its mechanisms of action and safety profile are warranted to fully exploit its therapeutic potential.