Biomarkers in schizophrenia – past, present and future

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a complex and debilitating neuropsychiatric syndrome. Although research into the etiology of this pathology has advanced considerably, consistent results are still awaited. The discovery of biomarkers that could underlie diagnosis and treatment could revolutionize the management of this pathology, and approaching biomarkers from an evolutionary perspective, along with the multitude of existing and future studies, can provide important information. The complexity of this multifactorial pathology requires its approach from an integrated and multidisciplinary perspective, which considers research on neurodevelopment, genetics, imaging and, last but not least, neurobiological research. The present material aims to bring to light a series of recent research, as well as the approach to this pathology from an evolutionary perspective of neurodevelopment, in the hope that it will constitute an attractive point of view that could imagine new ways of approaching this pathology.