Outcomes of Dental Treatment Procedures in People With Haemophilia Treated Under a Comprehensive Care Model: An Analysis of Cases From a Tertiary Care Centre

Abstract

Background: Haemophilia is a chronic, lifelong bleeding disorder that requires interdisciplinary care to manage and mitigate the disease burden throughout a patient’s life. There is no universally accepted protocol for managing haemophilia patients during dental care. Objective: To evaluate the state of practice employed for people with haemophilia undergoing various dental treatment procedures under a comprehensive care model in a tertiary care setting. Methods: Patient records from the archives of Haemophilia Society of Kasturba Hospital, Manipal were retrieved, and the demographic data, disease status and dental treatment records of each patient were systematically reviewed. The various dental procedures and the outcomes were correlated with the severity of haemophilia and the quantity of prophylactic factors concentrate utilised for the dental treatment procedures. Results: A total of 73 patients attended the comprehensive Haemophilia clinic during the study period. Sixty nine of them underwent 84 dental treatment procedures. The various dental procedures that were performed on these patients were oral prophylaxis (scaling), extraction of grossly decayed teeth, restoration (fillings) of carious teeth, endodontic treatment and other minor oral surgical procedures. The amount of clotting factor concentrates given prior to dental treatment ranged from 250 to 1500 IU. None of the patients had excessive haemorrhage following dental procedures. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS software, and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test were used for the analysis of quantitative variables. Conclusion: Standardisation of prophylactic clotting factors for various dental treatment procedures is essential to prevent haemorrhagic complications. Trial Registration: Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI) number: REF/2024/01/077096.